Types of Fibres

Types of Fibres

Fibres are thread-like structures that are used to make fabrics. They can be classified into two main types: Natural Fibres and Synthetic Fibres.

1. Natural Fibres

Natural fibres are obtained from plants and animals. They are biodegradable and eco-friendly.

A. Plant-Based Fibres

These fibres come from plants and are mainly composed of cellulose.

1. Cotton

   • Derived from the cotton plant.

   • Soft, breathable, and used in making clothes, bedsheets, and towels.

   • Grows in warm climates and requires a lot of water.

2. Jute

   • Extracted from the jute plant stem.

   • Strong, coarse, and used for making bags, ropes, and mats.

   • Grown in humid regions, especially in India and Bangladesh.

B. Animal-Based Fibres

These fibres are obtained from animals and are mainly composed of proteins like keratin and fibroin.

1. Wool

   • Sourced from sheep, goats (Cashmere, Pashmina), alpacas, and rabbits (Angora).

   • Warm, soft, and used for making winter clothes and blankets.

2. Silk

   • Produced by silkworms, primarily from the Bombyx mori species.

   • Luxurious, shiny, and used in high-quality clothing and accessories.

2. Synthetic Fibres (Brief Introduction)

Synthetic fibres are man-made fibres produced from chemicals, primarily derived from petroleum. They are durable, lightweight, and water-resistant. Examples include nylon, polyester, and acrylic. These fibres are commonly used in clothing, ropes, and home furnishings.