Structure of a Flower
A flower is the reproductive organ of flowering plants (angiosperms). It consists of different parts that help in reproduction.
Parts of a Flower and Their Functions
| Part | Description | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Calyx (Sepals) | Green, leaf-like outermost whorl. | Protects the flower bud before blooming. |
| Corolla (Petals) | Brightly colored, scented. | Attracts pollinators (bees, butterflies, birds). |
| Androecium (Male Reproductive Part) | Contains stamens (Filament + Anther). | Produces pollen grains (male gametes). |
| Gynoecium (Female Reproductive Part) | Contains carpels/pistil (Ovary, Style, Stigma). | Produces ovules (female gametes) and facilitates fertilization. |
| Receptacle | The swollen part at the base of the flower. | Supports and holds floral organs. |
Diagram: Structure of a Typical Flower
(A labeled diagram showing sepals, petals, stamens, carpels, ovary, style, and stigma.)
Differences Between Unisexual and Bisexual Flowers
| Feature | Unisexual Flower | Bisexual Flower |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Has only either male (stamens) or female (carpels) reproductive parts. | Has both male (stamens) and female (carpels) reproductive parts. |
| Examples | Papaya, Watermelon, Maize | Hibiscus, Rose, Mustard |
| Pollination | Requires cross-pollination (pollen from another flower). | Can undergo self-pollination or cross-pollination. |
A flower is the main reproductive organ of plants. The presence of unisexual and bisexual flowers ensures diversity in reproduction strategies, helping plants adapt and evolve.